Common Side Effects of Sertraline and How to Best Manage Them

Common Side Effects of Sertraline and How to Best Manage Them

Table of Contents

I. Most Common Sertraline Side Effects

II. Tips for Minimizing Discomfort

III. When to Seek Medical Attention

IV. Addressing Common Fears or Misconceptions

V. Conclusion

Sertraline is a widely prescribed antidepressant for conditions like major depressive disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. 

It belongs to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class of medications. For many people, it is effective in reducing symptoms and improving quality of life. But like any medication, it can cause unwanted effects. 1

Some sertraline side effects are mild and temporary, while others may be more persistent or require medical attention. 

Understanding what’s common, what’s serious, and how to manage sertraline side effects can help you get the most from your treatment while staying safe.

Most Common Sertraline Side Effects 

In clinical trials and patient reports, the most frequently experienced sertraline side effects included nausea, diarrhea, sleep issues, sexual dysfunction, increased sweating, and appetite changes. 2

Nausea and Digestive Changes

Stomach-related issues are among the most frequently reported side effects of sertraline. Nausea is particularly common, affecting about 26% of people in placebo-controlled studies. Diarrhea, loose stools, dry mouth, constipation, indigestion, and occasional vomiting have also been noted. 2

These sertraline side effects often appear early and may fade within a few weeks. Nausea can sometimes be reduced by taking the medication with or after food and avoiding rich or spicy meals. 3

Fatigue and Sleep Disturbances

Sertraline can affect sleep in both directions. Some people develop insomnia, while others feel sleepier during the day. In clinical trials, insomnia was reported in up to 20% of patients, and somnolence (sleepiness) in around 11%. These sertraline side effects can affect your routine, so timing your dose appropriately can make a difference. 2

Sexual Side Effects

Sexual side effects can occur in both men and women. These include decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, ejaculation failure, delayed ejaculation, and difficulty achieving orgasm. Unlike some other reactions, sexual side effects of sertraline may not resolve on their own over time, making them an important topic to discuss with your healthcare provider if they persist. 2

Increased Sweating

Increased sweating (hyperhidrosis) is another documented side effect of sertraline, occurring in about 7% of patients in clinical trials. While mild cases are not usually dangerous, increased sweating can be uncomfortable, especially in warm weather or during physical activity. 2

Appetite and Weight Changes

Some people notice a reduced appetite. Weight changes can be a side effect of sertraline, though they’re usually small. Any unexpected or significant weight loss or gain should be discussed with a healthcare provider. 2

Tips for Minimizing Discomfort

A comfortable woman taking medication

While you can’t completely avoid all sertraline side effects, you can often make them more manageable with some practical adjustments.

Take with Food for Stomach Upset

If you are experiencing nausea as a side effect of sertraline, try taking sertraline with or after a meal. Avoiding rich, fatty, or heavily spiced foods may also help. Ginger tea, plain crackers, or smaller, more frequent meals can be easier on the stomach. 3

Adjust the Timing

For those experiencing drowsiness, taking sertraline in the evening may be better. Conversely, if it causes trouble sleeping, take it in the morning. If you are unable to fix the issue, talk to your healthcare provider. 3

Stay Hydrated

Diarrhea and sweating can lead to dehydration. Aim to drink enough water throughout the day and keep an eye out for signs of dehydration, such as dark urine or feeling lightheaded. Sugar-free gum or lozenges can help relieve dry mouth. 3

Manage Sleep Disruption

For insomnia, a consistent bedtime routine can help. For example, limit caffeine after midday, avoid heavy meals before bed, and cut down on screen time in the hour before sleeping. If daytime drowsiness is the problem, exposure to natural light and light physical activity can boost alertness.

Address Sexual Side Effects Early

If sexual issues are impacting your quality of life, it's important to talk to your healthcare provider rather than wait for them to resolve on their own. Your doctor can work with you to create a treatment plan.

Avoid Abrupt Changes

Suddenly stopping sertraline can lead to withdrawal symptoms like dizziness, headaches, nausea, “electric shock” sensations, or sleep disturbances. If you decide to stop, do so gradually under medical guidance. 2

When to Seek Medical Attention

Most side effects of sertraline are mild and pass on their own, but some can signal a more serious problem and require prompt care. 3

Call your doctor if you notice the following sertraline side effects:

  • Persistent or severe digestive issues that do not improve
  • Noticeable weight changes without trying
  • New or worsening anxiety, agitation, or restlessness 
  • Unexplained bruising or bleeding 2

Seek immediate medical help for these side effects of sertraline:

  • Signs of serotonin syndrome (confusion, agitation, sweating, muscle stiffness, rapid heart rate, high fever)
  • Severe allergic reactions (swelling of lips, tongue, throat; difficulty breathing)
  • Severe dizziness, fainting, or seizures
  • Confusion, weakness, or headache that could indicate low sodium levels 2

Addressing Common Fears or Misconceptions

A patient talking to a pharmacist

Starting a new medication often brings up concerns about how it works, what’s normal to feel, and what could go wrong. 

With sertraline, some worries are based on real possibilities, while others are misunderstandings. Let’s clear up a few of the most common fears and misconceptions so you can make informed decisions about your treatment:

  • Long-term use: For most people, taking sertraline over the long term is safe when it’s monitored. Routine follow-ups give your healthcare provider the chance to watch for uncommon sertraline side effects such as changes in sodium levels, cholesterol, or bone density. 4
  • Adjustment period effects: Not every early side effect means you need to stop. Many sertraline side effects, like mild nausea, headaches, or changes in sleep, fade within weeks as your body adapts. If something feels worrying or severe, check in with your provider. 3
  • Sexual side effects: These can happen, but aren’t a given. If they do occur, talk to your doctor to find strategies to treat this sertraline side effect. 2
  • Stopping too quickly: Feeling better doesn’t mean it’s safe to quit on the spot. Suddenly stopping can trigger withdrawal-like symptoms, including dizziness, irritability, or odd “electric shock” sensations. Tapering off slowly under medical guidance prevents this. 2
  • Weight changes: Sertraline side effects can cause mild weight shifts for some people. This can either be a slight loss from reduced appetite or no change at all. Maintaining balanced eating habits and regular activity helps keep weight stable. If you experience any worrying weight changes, talk to your doctor. 2

Conclusion

Sertraline is a proven, effective antidepressant that has helped millions of people manage depression, anxiety, PTSD, and OCD. Like any medication, it can cause unwanted reactions. Knowing the side effects of sertraline and learning strategies to reduce discomfort can make it easier to stay on treatment.

Most sertraline side effects are mild and temporary. But if they’re severe, persist beyond the adjustment period, or involve serious symptoms like allergic reactions, bleeding, or serotonin syndrome, it’s important to seek medical advice immediately.

The best way to get the benefits of this medication while keeping sertraline side effects low is open communication with your healthcare provider. Track any changes you notice, ask questions about anything that concerns you, and work together to adjust your treatment as needed. If you’re ready to begin sertraline with ScriptsMD, check out our detailed guide to understand each step of the process and what to expect.

References

  1. Singh, H. K. & Saadabadi, A. Sertraline
  2. FDA Sertraline
  3. NHS Side Effects of Sertraline
  4. National Alliance on Mental Illness Sertraline (Zoloft)